Group Dynamics in Psychology Essay -- Papers

Questions and Answers About Group Dynamics in Psychology 1. How does every last one of the two fit the meaning of a gathering? Social-In my social gathering, unmistakably we are an assortment of people guided by jobs and standards. We, as companions, unmistakably impact one another, fulfill individual needs through affiliation, and could be delegated a unit because of our normal connection and degree of similiarity. I additionally notice an extraordinary level of association. That is, evnts influencing one will in general influence all of us here and there or another. Work-Contrastingly, in my work gathering, I don't discover as much comparability and individual need satisfaction. In this gathering, I watch a more prominent accentuation on objective accomplishment. At work, we accomplish objectives that we would some way or another be not able to achieve exclusively. I too perceive a feeling of reliance as we are completely influenced by changes including any single representative. 2. Name the five fundamental components for viability in gatherings and talk about each concerning the two gatherings. a) Positive Interdependence Social: In my social gathering for instance, we regularly help one another with the end goal that we can achieve gathering objectives and needs. I recollect one episode in secondary school w... ...ate into individual assaults. 10. Talk about the significance of activity hypothesis and figuring out how to Group Dynamics (in your own words). In what capacity can your realizing experience be upgraded by your conduct? So as to be a viable contributer to a gathering, one must know about the outcomes of their different practices. Furthermore, one must have a settled arrangement of activity hypotheses from which to pick when endeavoring to arrive at an ideal result. Moreover so as to guarantee bunch achievement, people must have the option to perceive when conduct becomes ineffectual to such an extent that activity hypotheses can be adjusted. This learning procedure can be upgraded by the eagerness to face challenges and analysis with various practices. As Herbert Otto said Change and development occur when an individual has gambled himself and sets out to get engaged with exploring different avenues regarding his own life.

Relative Advantage of the Firm

As per the contextual analysis, salton inc. appreciates an incredible bit of leeway corresponding to its providers putting it at a vital bit of leeway with its rivals. This solid relationship with providers places it at a high ground in item advancement, development and marking. Further, the case outlines that the firm has a key favorable position because of item sourcing from the less expensive Asian markets, which gives it the benefit of diversification.Advertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Relative Advantage of the Firm explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Afuah, a firm increases upper hand over its opponents by building up solid relationship with providers and for this situation the firm has 50 unique providers for its items and a drawn out relationship with Markpeak ltd (291). Markpeak Ltd, which supplies the firm with 38% of its items, is a dependable and skilled provider. As indicated by Afuah, this bit of leeway puts the f irm at a vital market authority position against its rivals and new contestants. By demanding momentary provider contracts, hazard avoidance is settled in sourcing for materials. What's more, the firm weights on the significance of serious offering to increase an upper in sourcing for its items, setting it at an advantage on edges position by guaranteeing that merchandize is of high caliber. Moreover, top notch gauges stayed a need (Afuah 292). Nonetheless, contenders had the disservice of moderate re-appropriating, low volume buys, meaning significant expenses and diminished overall revenues putting it at an upper hand against its rivals. A reasonable promoting procedure and advertising blend is clear from the above case. Clients then again delighted in great items, suitably intended for their necessities and needs. Even further, the organization had some expertise in a wide scope of value kitchen, home, individual, and magnificence care items. Hence, the company’s brand nam e turned into a commonly recognized name, a significant idea in promoting. What's more, to beat her rivals, the organization spent significant time in a wide scope of items, for example, shower radios, and espressio/cappuccino items that put the company’s brand at vital places in homes filling in as a publicizing technique. Potential new contestants could discover it trouble to infiltrate the market because of its vital situation as far as marking, brought down item cost, great quality items, item separation, and great showcasing force and one of a kind advertising blend. The firm’s fixation in publicizing and showcasing, tailor-production items for its clients by tending to their necessities and needs, and making the brand name basic through prevalent advertising procedures gives it a reasonable lead in the market share.Advertising Looking for basic composition on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Distinct contributions of the firm According to the case, the firm offers unmistakable items gaining practical experience in item separation, customized to address client issues and needs. This included more beneficial and increasingly advantageous nourishments combined with item enhancement. With imaginative inventiveness, the food items fulfilled the market needs in a manner of speaking, rounding the organization up gigantic benefits (Afuah 297). Further, to support its deals, the firm delivered another brand called juiceman. This brand was like the first item yet with a large portion of the qualities of the first brand. This made record deals. Item separation and adaptable evaluating systems assumed a significant job in picking up and keeping up a solid lead in the piece of the overall industry. Earthy colored attests that organizations need to receive a one of a kind promoting blend, embrace an exceptional hard offering ideas and serious evaluating to remain ahead in the market (section 2). These focuses to item expansion, item separation, and customized items to address client issues and needs. Estimating Evident from the contextual investigation, advertisers did what's necessary research in evaluating their items corresponding to the worth acquired by worrying on the significance of adaptable valuing methods. Pindyck states that, â€Å"profit-expanding value cost edge is conversely identified with the firm’s value versatility of demand† (Pindyck 1). Pindyck further affirms that a firm delivering items with interrelated interest must utilize joint evaluating instruments revenue driven amplification by making a significant impact on deals (Pindyck 9). As per the above case, item expansion is clear, with creative mixing to address client issues with various costs and worth. Afuah brings up that the firm had fantastic evaluating strategies by making a valuing procedure and blend, teaching buyers, and giving a solitary cost to any of its items through the entirety of its retail outlets (Pindyck 294). Works Cited Afuah Allan.Business Models: A key Management Approach, University of Michigan  ® McGraw-Hill Irwin Boston Burr Ridge† ,2003. Earthy colored Alex. Attempting To End Horse Slaughter: 1 March 2010 http://www1.udel.edu/alex/chapt2.htmlAdvertising We will compose a custom basic composing test on Relative Advantage of the Firm explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pindyck s. Robert. Microeconomics. 7 ed. prentice lobby june 21 2008 This basic composition on Relative Advantage of the Firm was composed and put together by client Shiny Ram to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Add Social Sharing Widget built with Font Awesome 4.2.0

Add Social Sharing Widget built with Font Awesome 4.2.0 Though social sharing widget is useful to increase the connectivity with blog post. Modern blog user use Font Awesome instead of the icons. So I have used Font Awesome 4.2.0 feature. This feature will display the social media icons instead of image. Remember that if you are using Font Awesome 4.2.0 then you don't have to add Font Awesome 4.2.0 file in your blog header section. So skip the Step 4. just follow the below steps- Step 1Log in to yourBlogger accountand Go to yourBlogger Dashboard Step 2Clickon- Template - Edit HTML Step 3Now Find this codeheadby pressingCtrl+F Step 4Paste the below code below/afterhead link href='//netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.css' rel='stylesheet'/ Step 5Now again Find this code]]/b:skinby pressing Ctrl+F Step 6Paste the below code Before/above]]/b:skin /*Social Sharing Widget by http://www.bloggerspice.com/ */ .sotontroshare li { float: left; margin-right: 1.2%; list-style-type: none; } .sotontroshare li .fa:before { margin-right: 5px; } .sotontroshare li{width:17.6%;border:1px solid .sotontroshare{overflow: hidden; text-align: center; margin: 20px 0; padding-bottom: 15px; } .sotontroshare li a:hover{opacity:1} .sotontroshare li .twitter{background-color:#55acee} .sotontroshare li .facebook{background-color:#3b5998} .sotontroshare li .gplus{background-color:#dd4b39} .sotontroshare li .pinterest{background-color:#cc2127} .sotontroshare li .linkedin{background-color:#0976b4} Step 7Now again Find this codedata:post.body/ordiv class='post-footer'by pressingCtrl+F Step 8Paste the below code below/after data:post.body/ ordiv class='post-footer' b:if cond='data:blog.pageType == quot;itemquot;' div class='sotontroshare' ul lia class='twitter' data-via='BloggerSpiceDotCom' expr:href='quot;http://twitter.com/home?status=quot; + data:post.title + quot;-quot; + data:post.url' rel='nofollow' target='_blank' title='Twitter Tweet'i class='fa fa-twitter'/Tweet/a/li lia class='facebook' expr:href='quot;http://www.facebook.com/share.php?v=4amp;u=quot; + data:post.url + quot;amp;t=quot; + data:post.title' onclick='window.open(this.href,apos;sharerapos;, apos;toolbar=0,status=0,width=626,height=436apos;); return false;' rel='nofollow' target='_blank' title='Facebook Share'i class='fa fa-facebook'/Share/a/li lia class='gplus' expr:href='quot;https://plus.google.com/share?url=quot; + data:post.url' rel='nofollow' target='_blank' title='Google Plus Share'i class='fa fa-google-plus'/Share/a/li lia class='linkedin' expr:href='quot;http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=trueamp;url=quot; + data:post.url + quot;amp;title=quot; + data:post.title + quot;amp;summary=quot; + data:post.snippets' target='_blank'i class='fa fa-linkedin'/Share/a/li lia class='pinterest' expr:href='quot;http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=quot; + data:post.url + quot;amp;media=quot; + data:post.thumbnailUrl + quot;amp;description= + data:post.titlequot;' target='_blank'i class='fa fa-pinterest'/Share/a/li /ul /b:if Step 9Now hit theSave templatebutton. After go through all the above steps check your blog post. This widget will appear at the end of every blog post. And now your blog readers will able to share your blog post easily. Thanks.

The Performance Of The Symphony No.9 - 1085 Words

The performance of the Symphony No.9 by Beethoven, conducted by Lenard Bernstein, was a magnificent piece that captured all the emotion of the people, from the sorrow of those lost in the war to the joy of the freedom they had just acquired. This piece was placed in Berlin to celebrate the uniting of East and West Germany. It was performed in the restored Schauspiel house, which had been completely destroyed during the war. It was restored to be one of the world’s finest concert halls. This performance was such a large, historic event that it was televised in over 20 different countries. Lenard Bernstein even took this event as seriously as to change the lyrics of the last movement from the German word for â€Å"joy† to the German word for â€Å"freedom† to commemorate the momentous occasion. The performing forces for this event were quite elaborate. The Bavereon Radio Orchestra was joined by the Staatskapelle Dresden, the Orchestra of the Leningrad Kirov T heatre, the London symphony Orchestra, the New York Philharmonic, and the Paris Orchestra. In regards to vocalists, the Baverien Radio chorus sung in addition to the Berlin radio chorus and the children’s chorus of the Dresden Philharmonic. The soloists were June Anderson, Sara Walker, Klaus Konig, and Jan Hendrik Rootering. One interesting thing to note about the conductor is that while conducting the orchestra he didn’t have any music sheets. He knew the music so well that he didn’t need to have it in front of him.Show MoreRelatedConcert Critique : The Houston Civic Symphony1078 Words   |  5 PagesMusic Appreciation MUSI 1306 ` Mr. Christopher Lee Concert Critique #1- The Houston Civic Symphony/50th Anniversary Season I have never attended an orchestral concert. Although my taste ranges between several different types of music, the only concerts I have attended are of the rock and country variety. I was not sure what to expect in attending The Houston Civic Symphony’s performance on Sunday, October 9, 2016. It was held at the Dunham Theater within the Morris Cultural Arts Center at HoustonRead MoreBeethoven s Biography, Musical Career, And Musical Influence1092 Words   |  5 Pagesaround the age of twenty-seven. Despite his deafness, Beethoven continued his musical career until he died at age fifty-six from lead poisoning. March 26th, 1778 is the day of Beethoven’s first public performance at Cologne (Kinderman). Beethoven was born in 1770, so the day of his performance he was seven and a half. His father announced to the public that he was six because his father wanted him to look like a Mozart prodigy. So all of Beethoven’s life he was convinced he was actually born inRead MoreUtah Symphony and Utah Opera: a Merger Proposal Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesUtah Symphony and Utah Opera: A Merger Proposal The Utah Symphony (USO) and the Utah Opera (UOC) Merger was a union that was brought forth by the leadership committee at the USO in Salt Lake City. The proposal was an opportunity to strengthen a struggling symphony with a financially sound opera company. Although mergers between opera and symphony companies in the United States had been successfully in the past, the merging of a two major companies had yet to materialize (Delong Ager, 2005, pRead MoreLudwig Van Beethoven s Influence On The Classical Era938 Words   |  4 PagesBeethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in 1770. Beethoven’s talent was noticed at a young age and he soon became a pioneer in the world of music for breaking the traditional bounds of style and form. Over the course of his life, Beethoven produced nine symphonies, seven concertos, and a total of forty-two sonatas. Although these numbers are few when compared to other composers such as Joseph Haydn, his work was very substantial. Ludwig van Beethovenâ₠¬â„¢s compositions were greatly influenced by the changes inRead MoreThe Music Of The Classical Symphony1414 Words   |  6 Pagesvan Beethoven. His nine symphonies are a perfect example of such a metamorphosis of musical genius. Not only his compositional strides, but the manner in which he made them is extremely important to the shape of our musical culture. Throughout the development of his works, Beethoven kept one foot in the past while reaching and cultivating the artistic future of the symphonic form, thus shaping a societal view of the art form as a whole. The maturation of his nine symphonies can best be categorizedRead MoreMusic And Its Influence On Music Essay854 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"vernacular†. Vernacular can be defined as music of the present place. It will be safe to say that cultivated music carries over into Vernacular music. Cultivated can also be described as imported music or brought over music. For example, Beethoven Symphony No 9, which sounds li ke the telling of a story of conquest, has been performed in many places around the world. Vernacular music can be thought of as music that has been created and raised within a country. Whether you listen to rap music or not, someRead MoreGustav Mahler And His Fifth Symphony1584 Words   |  7 PagesGustav Mahler and His 5th Symphony By the end of the 20th century, Gustav Mahler had established himself as one of the most loved and frequently performed symphonists of the modern era. Audiences enjoyed his work for the energy and emotion conveyed through each and every performance of his symphonies. Due to his particularly rich and provocative writing style, Mahler has become the influence of composers since his death and continues to remain at the forefront of modern musical symphonic considerationRead MoreBaltimore Symphony Orchestr The Only Major American Orchestra1621 Words   |  7 PagesBaltimore Symphony Orchestra: Founded in 1916, the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra is the only major American orchestra originally established as a branch of the municipal government. It was later reorganized as a private institution in 1942. The orchestra’s primary venue is the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, with the Music Center at Strathmore in Bethesda as a secondary; making it the nation’s first orchestra with year-round venues in two metropolitan areas. The ensemble performs more than 130 concertsRead MoreI Visit My Old High School For Their Annual Spring Musical1228 Words   |  5 Pages On March 10, 2016, I visited my old high school for their annual spring musical which includes the band and orchestra. The orchestra generally played 4 pieces Symphony No. 5 by Beethoven, Symphony No. 9 by Beethoven, Beethoven Symphony No.6, and Tchaikovsky No.6. The orchestra would also be playing other various musical selections for private judges only. The school orchestra was conducted by Sasha Brown who is also a former member of the philharmonic orchestra. Mrs. Brown also helps assessRead MoreClassical Composers : Luigi Boccherini And Ludwig Van Beethoven1115 Words   |  5 Pagesattempted to promote Ludwig as a child prodigy and sometime after 1779 began his studies with Christian Gottlob Neefe, German opera composer and conductor. At the ripe age of 7, Beethoven gave his first public performance at Cologne; and before the age of 12, he published his first work 9 Variations in C Minor for piano. Beethoven was appointed organist of the court of Maximillian Franz at 14. He taught him composition which helped Beethoven write his first three piano sonatas named Krufà ¼rst. Beethoven

Essential German Vocabulary

Marketing Implementation - 8923 Words

Marketing Implementation Part 1 Section 1 Bonoma: Making Your Marketing Strategy Work Effective implementation is a matter of focusing on key areas of company structure and managers skills. Purposes of the article are to explain and help in diagnosing and solving marketing implementation problems, to catalog common problems of translating marketing strategies into management acts, and to recommend tactics for increasing the effectiveness of marketing practices. Problems in marketing practices have two components: structural and human. Strategy or implementation? Marketing strategy and implementation affect each other. Poor implementation can disguise good strategy Two points stand out to help managers diagnose†¦show more content†¦Ã‚‘ Gap bridging: execution skills Managers bring four execution skills to the marketing job: interacting, allocating, monitoring, and organizing. Interacting. Influencing others inside and outside the corporation Allocating: parcel out everyone s time assignments etc. Monitoring: using monitoring skills to reconstruct degraded corporate information and control systems. Organizing: Good implementers have an almost uncanny ability to create afresh an informal organization, or network, to match each problem with which they are confronted. Good practice in marketing Important characteristics that differentiate good marketing practice emerge: 1. a strong sense of identity and of direction in marketing policies exists. 2. great customer concern 3. management is able and willing to substitue its own skills for shortcomings in the formal structure 4. in companies that handle execution best, top management has a distinctly different view of both the marketing structure and the managers than do bosses in other companies. Concluding: In the best companies management concentrates on one or a few marketing functions that it fosters and nurtures into a competitive distinction through expertise. Rather, good marketing means using skill artfully to cope with the inevitable execution crises that blur the strategies for managing customers and middlemen. Market orientation: AntecedentsShow MoreRelatedMarketing Implementation2331 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction When the marketing plan implementation does not successful of marketing plan which practitioners expected which, they have to used a range of structural and behavioural intervention strategies to improve their marketing performance, such as, According to Cravens and Piercy, 2006 have been mention that â€Å"exiting from a product/service market, new product planning, changing the targeting market strategy, adjusting marketing strategy, pr improving efficiency†. However those two interventionsRead MoreImplementation And Monitoring Of E Marketing1646 Words   |  7 Pagespreconditions for implementing e-Marketing in any organization regardless its size or business field. These factors like: the existence clear and obvious strategy at an organization level, the presence of the marketing function within the organization, the domination of the marketing function in the development, implementation and monitoring of e-Marketing results, and the presence of a database and building c ustomer relationships. on the other hand the implementation of e-Marketing can be identified withRead MoreA Proposed Communication Strategy Throughout The Implementation Of The Marketing Activities Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pages6. A proposed communication strategy throughout the implementation of the marketing activities. Your communication strategy should ensure that all team members are kept informed of each other’sactivities. ï‚ § Draft an email, formal letter or other written response: since the involved stakeholders of this project are from both internal and external consultants and experts, emails, business letters and correspondences are the best and efficient way to convey and deliver the required business messagesRead MoreE Marketing : The Implementation Of Electronic Marketing Essay1350 Words   |  6 Pagesare using the internet as a way of marketing their products, paving way for e-marketing to grow rapidly. The implementation of electronic marketing has led to a tremendous growth in the shape and nature of the modern businesses worldwide. The rise in the usage of e-marketing devices such as cell phones and e-mail in electronic exchanges may not only create business opportunities but might also eradicate their major threats. It is clear that the internet, e-marketing and electronic media tools have anRead More Marketing Strategy Implementation in Higher Education854 Words   |  4 Pagesaddr essed the strategic implementation of marketing initiatives within international higher education entities (Naidoo Woo, 2011). This article was of particular interest to me due to its specific focus on marketing within higher education entities (HEI’s). The authors focused their research on 10 universities which recruit international students; specifically, on 570 questionnaires from mid-level marketing managers responsible for strategic implementation of marketing initiatives. (Naidoo WooRead MoreDisney s Marketing Strategies And Its Implementation979 Words   |  4 PagesDisney’s Marketing Strategies And Its Implementation In The Business Events and Exhibitions industry The business events and Exhibitions industry is one of the biggest industry when it comes to hosting events on a large scale. The other industries, which hosts large events like these, are the theme parks. The theme parks are considered to be the other industry, which host events for more than 1000 people. This industry aims to attract people of all age. The business events industry is similar toRead MoreIntegrated Marketing Mix And Implementation Plan1194 Words   |  5 PagesIntegrated Marketing Mix and Implementation Plan Product STORY’s core customer value is status, achieved through the product’s unique and groundbreaking luxurious design. Beyond this core value of status, the actual product must be consistent with the modern, luxury aspect of the clock. The clock features a design which simultaneously combines high-end design with levitating technology, supporting the goal of status for customers. The product is made from quality materials, including stained ashRead MoreMarketing Implementation Plan Essay1769 Words   |  8 PagesMarketing Implementation Plan Kudler Fine Foods has designed a market research plan that includes using data collection tools to assist them in determining and improving their level of customer service. The data the company collects from the research tools will help determine a future marketing plan that appropriately positions their product and resonates and connects with the customers Kudler is trying to attract. Each of the tools selected will provide Kudler with insight into the customer behaviorRead MoreMarketing Strategy Implementation : Part I1982 Words   |  8 PagesResearch on Marketing Strategy Implementation, Part I Introduction: Marketing is a concept of promoting goods and services through marketing and socializing channels. Traditionally, it was done on a manual basis, but as the world has become modernized, organizations are utilizing electronic channels to pass their message to customers. It is because; electronic medium is reliable, effective, cheap and persuasive (Dave, 2012). Considering marketing than after listening to this word, the thing thatRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management : Analysis Strategy, Implementation, And Control Of Marketing Activities1128 Words   |  5 Pages-Define Strategic Marketing Management and identify some current issues in strategic marketing management that might be faced by an organisation. â€Å"Strategic Marketing Management: The analysis strategy, implementation, and control of marketing activities in order to achieve organisation s objectives,† (Jack in the box, 2014). Through strategic planning, the company can break down their SMM into three main questions. What is the business doing now, what is happening in the environment, and what

Ghostbusters Movie Review Essay Research Paper I free essay sample

Ghostbusters Movie Review Essay, Research Paper I Ain # 8217 ; t Afraid of no Ghost! The true trial of a movie # 8217 ; s illustriousness is clip. The 1984 science-fiction/comedy authoritative, Ghostbusters, has stood the trial of clip, bring forthing both a subsequence ( in 1989 ) and a hit sketch series. Ghostbusters is the narrative of three upbeat scientists interested in extrasensory affairs: Peter Venkman ( played by Bill Murray ) , Raymond Stanz ( played by Dan Aykroyd ) , and Egon Spengler ( played by Harold Ramis ) , who have merely lost their university grant, and are all of a sudden forced out onto the streets of New York. What will they make now to last? After taking a 3rd mortgage out on Ray # 8217 ; s household place, Peter, Ray, and Egon decide to prosecute the thought of catching and incorporating shades in the private sector. Their concern, appropriately named: # 8220 ; Ghostbusters # 8221 ; , starts out slow, but rapidly the word spreads of their shade probe and extraction services. We will write a custom essay sample on Ghostbusters Movie Review Essay Research Paper I or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Within apparently no clip at all, the Ghostbusters are a hot trade good in New York where shade activity is on the rise. The film follows the three Ghostbusters, every bit good as Sigourney Weaver # 8217 ; s character: Dana Barrett. Dana Barrett is non merely the Ghostbusters # 8217 ; first client, but besides a dating chance for Peter Venkman. Woven into the movie Ghostbusters are three secret plans ( one chief, and two subplots ) . The chief secret plan of the movie is the Ghostbusters seeking to calculate out the cause of the monolithic addition of shade activity in New York recently, and the two subplots being: 1. ) The love narrative between Venkman and Barrett, and 2. ) The effort made by the Environmental Protection Agency to close down the Ghostbusters. The film flood tides with the city manager of New York naming upon the Ghostbusters to free the metropolis of the cause of all the recent shade activity: a demolition-God named: # 8220 ; Gozer # 8221 ; . During their brush with # 8220 ; Gozer # 8221 ; , the Ghostbusters are asked to take what organize the destructor of New York will be. Ray thinks of a childhood memory and the pick is made. The celebrated Ray Stantz quotation mark: # 8220 ; I tried to believe of the one thin g that would neer of all time ache us†¦the Stay-Puffed Marshmallow Man.† Needless to state, the concluding confrontation between the Ghostbusters, and a 500-foot tall marshmallow adult male sent by Gozer to destruct New York is highly entertaining, with an exciting decision. The existent joy of Ghostbusters is the amusing interaction between the three ( and subsequently four ) Ghostbusters. The well-written book by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis gives each character a distinguishable, crisp, and intelligent personality. Of class, a great book without great histrions is useless. This is non a concern in Ghostbusters where the playing by the full dramatis personae is first-class. Bill Murray as Dr. Venkman is likely the most sympathetic of the four Ghostbusters with his changeless off the wall jokes, and amusing alleviation. Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis give every bit impressive public presentations, but the nature of their characters leaves them as back uping dramatis personae for Murray. Sigourney Weaver does good in her function as Dana Barrett, but it is her neighbour in the film: Louis Tully ( played by Rick Moranis ) that truly highlights most of the scenes with her in it. Moranis plays a nerdy revenue enhancement comptroller wondrous, and provides for many laughs throughout the movie. Besides notable in the movie Ghostbusters are the unbelievable particular effects by Richard Edlund. Even today, more than 16 old ages since the first release of Ghostbusters, the particular effects are still impressive. With an first-class narrative, a top notch dramatis personae of histrions, and some quality particular effects, Ghostbusters is an first-class pick for anyone looking for a screaming and gratifying manner to pass around an hr and a half of their twenty-four hours. Besides, since it is rated PG, this is a film that both childs and grownups likewise can bask. It is no admiration in my head why Ghostbusters is an American movie authoritative ; it has a small something for everyone. Ghostbusters: Columbia Pictures Industries, ( 1984 ) . Directed by Ivan Reitman. Staring Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Harold Ramis, Sigourney Weaver, and Rick Moranis. Rated PG. Runing clip: 107 proceedingss. $ 18.99 on DVD.

Pepsi Print Ad Analysis free essay sample

Although Coca Cola justified it by saying that its competitors had similar levels of acidity content, it launched a public campaign regarding quality control to target the quality and health conscious and maintain their position in the market with a â€Å"safe† drink. The Ad line at the bottom of the Print Ad, â€Å"Ask it for either way both trademarks mean the same† is to inform the public that both the names are the same drink. Coke was the initial name, and it was rebranded as Coca Cola.But there was always a threat of brand diminishment, and also lack of response towards Coca Cola. Coke had already established itself in the market, and the fall in the market presence of the brand ‘Coke’ and the increased presence of the brand ‘Coca Cola’ would create an uncertainty about the sales of the product. Therefore such an ad campaign was essential to inform the consumers, so that they wouldn’t differentiate between the two brands and relished Coca Cola the way they relished Coke. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Print Ad Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Analysis of the Images The images depict the production line of Coca Cola, where finished products of Coke are shown in line. This is to depict that Coke takes all the necessary measures to maintain high quality in its products, and that the quality of all the bottles that it produces is the same and does not differ from one another. The bottles also use the name Coca Cola and not Coke, thereby promoting the new brand.

How to Write a Sociology Research Paper with Ease

How to Write a Sociology Research Paper with Ease Sociology is a fascinating field of knowledge that studies human social behavior and is focused on human social groups and structures. It involves empirical research and data analysis as well as the studying of social theory. Students who take sociology classes are typically assigned to write different types of papers, for example, essay, textual analysis, literature review, critical thinking. But the most complicated task is writing a quantitative sociology research paper. In this article, you will find a detailed guide on how to write a sociology research paper. We will also give you some easy tips on how to organize planning, researching, outlining, editing, and rewriting to help you succeed in completing this complex and time-consuming assignment. Let’s get started. What Is a Sociology Research Paper? Sociology research paper is typically written in the report format and is based on text analysis, statistical analysis, interviews etc. When completing this complex sociology assignment, you need to: State a question, problem or a hypothesis that should be tested; Perform original research that involves using some relevant Internet websites, scholarly books, and scientific journals and provide qualitative and quantitative analysis of data; Write a research paper in the report format with Title, Abstract, and References. When doing your research, you can analyze different types of data and: compare points of view of sociologists and opinions of the public on a certain issue; apply the theory to current events in the society; provide interpretive analysis of socio-historical changes; perform ethnographic or field research ( interviews, participant research, observational research). You can use different types of evidence (primary and secondary sources) to support your argument, for example, observations, interviews, surveys, books, newspapers, scholarly journals, the internet etc. How to Choose a Good Sociology Research Paper Topic Choosing a topic for a sociology research paper is a crucial step that has a great impact on the success of your project. Here are some quick tips on how you can do it right. Choose a topic that is new to you. It can be challenging to move beyond familiar ideas and take intellectual risks. This experience can be really rewarding for you because you’ll learn something new. You can try to defend a controversial claim, investigate the new idea or question an authority opinion on a particular topic. Select the thing which doesn’t make sense. Don’t be afraid to choose a question that you can’t answer immediately. Other people may not be able to provide an answer to that question either and if you try to explore the issue and provide some analysis, you will be able to learn something new and teach other people as well. Wondering how to deal with open-ended topics? Such topics address topics that are too broad to be covered in the limited space. You should narrow your broad subject to make it manageable. For example, when analyzing sociology text, you can focus on a single text or some texts that have a common topic. Not sure what topic to choose for your paper? Have a look at our short list of effective sociology research paper topics and feel free to use them for creating your own research papers. Interracial Marriage in the Past and Today What Is the Difference between Race and Ethnicity? Impact of Social Media on Young People Impact of Technology on The Way People Eat Why Do Women Like Romantic Comedies? Do Social Media Websites Make People Lonely? Dominant Cultures in Multicultural Societies Patriotism in The United States Bullying in Social Media Deviant Behavior of Youth Extreme Sport Culture Gender Inequality and Job Opportunities Impact Of #BlackLivesMatter on the American Society Research Occupy Wall Street Movement Scientologists in the Contemporary Society Results of Geographical Segregation The Culture of Poverty The Significance of The Ancient Hawaiian Culture Myths and Legends of Ancient Egypt Superstitions in The United States How to Approach Your Writing Assignment: Our Writers Know Best Before you start writing for sociology, you should clarify your thinking, plan your project, and determine what work you need to do, for example, find a new source or read a text. Here are some tips that can help you make writing a less painful process. Think through your topic before you start writing. You have to develop a working thesis, create an outline or contemplate the general topic. When you are thinking about your project, you should take note. You should write down everything that comes to your mind – images, phrase, names, words, fragment sentences even if they seem too simple or insignificant. Pose questions that are based on 5Ws – Who? Where? When? What? Why? Use free writing to explore your research topic. You should write down everything that comes to your mind during a certain period of time and don’t edit it. When you finish writing, you should look over your notes and if you are lucky, you may even find interesting ideas and insights. Make an outline using your ideas. It can be a diagram or a traditional one. A diagram is great for generating new ideas, considering links between certain elements of your argument, and finding relationships between parts of a rather broad topic. Making a good outline is a must because it saves tons of time during the writing and revision processes. It’s a plan of what you are going to say. Components of a Sociology Research Paper Your instructor can give different guidelines for your sociology research paper but it typically consists of the following components: Introduction Literature Review Context Methods Results Conclusion/Discussion Here are some sociology research paper writing tips on how to outline and write these sections. Introduction In this part of your sociology research paper writing, you set up a research question or a problem. After that, you need to briefly explain why addressing this particular problem is important and what the implications might be. Actually, you need to provide an answer to the question: â€Å"So what?† that your readers may ask when they finish reading the introduction. Your task is to give them a compelling answer if you want them to continue reading. Literature Review In this section, you need to provide your audience with an overview of the previous research on your topic. You can organize the literature review in a number of ways. If you are writing a research paper on social change, you’d better use the chronological approach to organize it. You can organize your project by methods if you are going to give the critique of the methods that were used by previous research. If you are building a theory or giving the critique of the existing one, a good idea is to use a thematic approach. For example, you may argue that there are 2 approaches to researching your sociology topic: X and Y. But neither of them takes into account Z. You have to convince your audience that Z is very important and there is a need to explain it. And you may build your study on Z or expand the previous researches. There is one more approach. You can argue that an existing theory doesn’t explain your findings properly. You should give a summary of the existing relevant studies and demonstrate that if the accepted theory was correct, you would get the result X, but in fact, your result is Y. How can finding B be explained. You have to ask a question and build some foundation for an answer. Your research can suggest changes to the existing theories or question the universally accepted theory. When writing your literature review, you should paraphrase ideas created by others and use quotes only when a certain part of the text describes the specific idea you are referring clearly and briefly. Context If the question that you are discussing in your sociology research paper or the case that you use to illustrate your point is unfamiliar to most of your audience, you need to give your readers the background information that explains these aspects to help them understand your paper. You should provide additional information to clarify your point. When you are describing some case, you can also suggest why it is good for finding a relevant answer to your question. Methods Here you need to provide details about what you actually did to give an answer to your research question and about your reasons for choosing a particular method. If you used statistics for your research, you need to explain why you have chosen a specific data set. If you used interviews as a method for your sociological research, you should provide your readers with the information about the people you interviewed, for example, about their gender, age, occupation etc. and explain why you chose those people and the others. If your sociology research paper is based on the analysis of some texts, you have to explain how and why you chose them. In this section, you also need to provide information about the limitations to your research. Then, you have to explain why the readers should trust your results despite limitations. You have to provide convincing evidence and persuade your audience that you are trustworthy and that your sociology research paper is worth reading. Findings Now you need to present what you actually found during your research. You have to provide convincing evidence to show your readers that you have answered your research question. In this part of your sociology research paper, you have to cite sources to provide evidence that proves your point of view. If it was a statistical research, you have to report the results of the regressions. If you performed a textual analysis, you need to cite the analyzed texts and explain what these sentences mean for your project. If you conducted interviews or did participant observations, you have to report what the people said. In the introduction and in the literature review, you presented an answer to your research question. You need to present your answer here and persuade your readers that it is correct. Discussion/Conclusion This section should give a full answer to your â€Å"So what?† question. You should â€Å"think big† and prove that your findings can be applied to a larger population and speak about important implications for public policy, sociological theory or on our ideas about our society. How to Revise and Edit Your Draft All research papers and essays need to be revised more than once if you want to create a strong argument and make a great impression on your readers. During this process, you can expand your argument, improve your analysis, and make connections between different parts. When you rework paragraphs and sentences, you develop a more complex argument. You should also add some additional information to improve the content. Here are some suggestions on how to organize revising and editing: Get feedback from other people to understand how clearly you express your thoughts. Make a backward outline of your sociology research paper. Determine the main idea of every paragraph and rank their importance for your thesis statement. Ensure you have transitions between your ideas. Rewrite your introduction and conclusion. It’s important to begin every paragraph with a topic sentence and link the ideas of your paragraphs to the ideas of your thesis statement. Make changes in the structure to bring the strongest ideas to the beginning of your research paper, cut irrelevant sections, reorder the key points, and add implications. Revise your thesis statement to make it stronger. You may even consider changing it altogether. Proofread your sociology research paper and make changes to make it precise and concise. You’d better read your research paper aloud to notice stylistic infelicities and make improvements. Keep in mind that any revision takes time but you should make an effort to improve your first draft and get a clearer and more sophisticated sociology research paper that will impress your professor and bring you a high grade. Follow our easy tips on how to write an impressive sociology research paper, practice a lot, and you are sure to become a better writer.

Summery of Man and organization three problems in human relations in Essay

Summery of Man and organization three problems in human relations in organization and environment - Essay Example These problems are not clear cut as they tend to be mutually dependent. Culture â€Å"Culture is defined as ideas, customs, skills, arts etc. of a people or a group that are transferred or communicated or passed along as in or at succeeding generations† as defined by the American heritage dictionary. Culture can be stratified into organizational and indigenous culture. According to Everett Hagen (Whyte 1959 pg. 8)â€Å"in Latin America we find a much greater emphasis upon line of authority and a lesser development of staff organizations than we see in comparable companies in the united states. Its union management relations and grievance procedure as we know it in the US is little in evidence in Latin American plants†. This shows that the Latin American society is more stratified with greater emphasis upon family and community which makes it difficult for people in different status level to express themselves freely and frankly in discussions and arguments. In this kind of culture people tend to congregate into social groups and networks in which they interact and seek acceptance and also give approval to fellow workers, this is where members form their goals, attitude and ideals. They have virtually elected leaders who they always tell to air their grievances. George Elton Mayo of the Hawthorne experiment (Accel team 2010) says that â€Å"change from an established society in the home to an adaptive society in the work plant resulting from the use on new techniques tends to continually disrupt the social organization of a work plant and industry generally†. This shows that indigenous or national culture influences workers even in the work place. The institute of work psychology university of Sheffield 1998 describes organizational culture as â€Å"the aggregate of an employee’s perception of an organization e.g. quality of communication, level of supervision and support for innovation†. When an employee joins a new organizati on, s/he is matriculated into the culture and practices of the organization. If there is a lot of bureaucracy in the operations of a firm or stratified culture, members are not able to communicate their problems freely especially to higher authority. For centralized organization especially in supervisory and decision making, lower management tends not feel very accountable or responsible because they only carry out orders as received from above and thus they are not able to influence performance as they should in their individual field. Herzberg’s motivation theory (Accel-team 2010) says that â€Å"the motivation for maximum productivity of an employee is recognition, achievement, growth and advancement and if these lack even if the hygiene factors are present the individual finally loses interest and is not maximally productive.† Therefore if an organization lacks to the right practices to motivate their workers they do not achieve maximum productivity. Organizational structure The business dictionary.com defines it as â€Å"a framework typically hierarchical within which an organization arranges its lines of authority and communications and allocate rights and duties.it determines the manner and extent to which roles, power and responsibilities are delegated, controlled and coordinated†. Every organization has both formal and informal structures. Formal structures are a

Project Review Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project Review Report - Essay Example This is what happened during the merger of Compaq and Hewlett Packard, which is part of the study. Both Compaq and HP are long time rivals in the field of computer hardware and components. However, looking at the benefits of their merger, both the companies as part of each others’ strategic management initiated the merger drive. So, in the initial phases, a lot of issues regarding the merger was analysed in an overview kind of manner. That is, in the initial phases, key strategic management issues that preceded the merger on both sides were first focused and discussed. Then as a continuation of that discussion, the key management changes that took place as well as that were initiated by both the companies in the post-merger period were discussed. From the research that was done about both the companies in the pre-merger period it is clear that it was not smooth sailing because descendants of HP and Compaq founders opposed the merger. Although key stakeholders in HP particularly the scions of the founders opposed the merger deal, the merger was actualized by the narrowest of margins. The merger was expected to yield savings projected to reach $2.5 billion annually by 2004. (Hoopes 2004). The next important issue that was focused in the initial phase is how both the companies became ‘congruent’ on certain issues. That is, instead of creating a challenge and competition between the two major but different corporations, the HP-Compaq merger suggested that the cooperation will give much better results for the both of two corporations. By sharing experiences and Trade Marks, the merger (but of course based on the long term results) was expected to aid both the companies or the combined entity to reach the required tar gets In the initial phase, as part of the designs and synthesis of ideas, research and analysis was done on both the companies including

Tsarist system of government Essay Example for Free

Tsarist system of government Essay The Tsarist system of government underwent many changes throughout the years of 1881-1914. Both Alexander III and Nicholas II created several modifications, being both good and bad, to the government during these years. Alexander III created mostly negative changes, due to him being seen as a reactionary, whereas Nicholas II created mainly positive changes to the government as a result of the 1905 revolution. These changes can be categorised into political, economic and social modifications. Alexander III made a few political modifications to the Tsarist government. In 1851, he introduced Land Captains. These meant that people, sometimes locals, could be appointed to have more power over the people within their towns or cities, meaning power was seemingly being more wide spread. However, these lands captains were chosen by the Tsar himself, meaning he could manipulate who had extra power based on what he wanted. Therefore, some could argue that this was a negative modification made to the government. Alexander III also introduced the Manifesto of Unshakeable Autocracy in 1881. This showed the Tsars rejection of democracy and further reform, meaning he had further influence and power over everyone else. He also introduced the Statue of State Security in 1881, which allowed for the Okhrana to have more powers. For example, the Okhrana was now able to break into people’s houses without reason or their consent, meaning the government had further control over the population of Russia. Although Alexander III’s political reforms were mostly bad, the introduction of the Land Captains meant that his power was in fact becoming more widespread amongst the population of Russia, and not all of Russia’s power was given to one person. Therefore, the political reforms made by Alexander III showed a slight modification the government during his reign. Nicholas II also introduced several political reforms. These took place after the 1905 revolution. In 1905, Nicholas issued the October manifesto. This gave people a lot more freedom than they previously had. Freedom of speech, organisation and assembly was now made legal; allowing opposition groups to now be able to be more organised as they were allowed to meet in public. Nicholas also introduced the fundamental laws in 1906, which allowed for the government to become more democratic. Under the fundamental laws, Article 87 was introduced, giving the Tsar the complete right to exercise any policy that he wished, without having to gain permission from the Dumas beforehand. The first State Duma was also introduced under Nicholas II in April 1906, which allowed for the population of Russia to have more of a say in the governments decisions. It was believed that the Duma was a step forwards towards a democracy for Russia; however, the Tsar could change and manipulate the Dumas in whatever way he wished through the use of Article 87, mean they were only put in place to make Russia seem more democratic when in reality it was not. Nicholas II also introduced a pro-government terrorist group called the Black Hundreds in 1905, meaning the government had further control over Russia as they were willing to use violence to get what they wanted. All of these new policies introduced by Nicholas seemed like positive reforms, however Article 87 meant that the Tsar could still pass laws and policies without consulting the Dumas beforehand, so really the Tsar and his power still heavily remained in Russia. The modifications made by Nicholas II throughout the years of his reign drastically changed the Tsarist government, showing the fact that Nicholas’ modifications greatly impacted the Tsarist government. Both of the Tsars between the years 1881-1914 also introduced a range of economic reforms. Under Alexander III were Witte, Bunge and Vysknegradsky. Witte made several economic reforms, including the building of the Trans-Siberian railway in 1891, the increase of foreign loans, the gold standard and industrialisation. All of these meant that Russia was now becoming a much richer country, with more exports going to other countries. The production of coal, iron and oil was majorly increased, meaning the country had a lot more sources of income other than just agriculture. The building of the railway meant that trade was much easier, and therefore the countries income was increased as a result. Despite all of Witte’s efforts, Russia still lagged behind other great powers economically, and therefore the economic policies put in place did improve Russia but not as much as Witte intended. Also, Alexander III introduced the Peasants Land Bank in 1862, which meant that peasants would now find it easier to rent land. However, they still had a difficult time paying this back and not many peasants owned land after this was put in place, the majority of land was still owned by the major, richer landowners. As a result, this shows a major change to the government during Alexander’s reign as a wide range of economic policies were introduced by Witte which dramatically improved the countries overall income and as a result Russia was much better off as a country. Nicholas II also put various economic changes in place. These were under Stolypin, who changed a great deal for Russia and put a lot of policies in place. One economic policy which was put in place by Stolypin was the ending of redemption payments for peasants to pay to the Mir in 1907. This in turn meant that peasants had more money to put towards land and farms, meaning they could make more income and not lose any money due to having to make redemption payments. Stolypin also introduced loans for peasants which were easier for peasants to get hold of. This meant that they could own more land and were encouraged to own a farm, and therefore would have an increased income as a result of this. Also, the peasants easily would have been able to pay off these loans due to having an increased income, so as a result peasants were no longer as poor as before. This however can be counter-argued by saying that in 1906-14, only 25% of peasants owned lots of land/farms, showing that this policy did not fully do what was originally intended. Also, the richest 10% of landowners still owned majority of the land, meaning not much of it actually belonged to the peasants. Nicholas II therefore made several economic modifications to the government during his reign which attempted to benefit the peasants of Russia. However, although most of these changes were beneficial to Russia, some of them did not take the desired effect; for example Nicholas II tried to make peasants gain more land, but figures show that majority of the land was still owned by the richest land owners and not peasants. Finally, both Alexander and Nicholas introduced a range of social reforms. Alexander III introduced the policy of Russification in 1883. This meant that the official language of Russia was Russian, and all schools and documents had to be written in Russian; any other language was not allowed. This meant that other cultures and other languages were repressed, as someone could not speak the language of their home country within Russia. This then would have created a further breeding ground for more opposition to the Tsarist rule, so Russification had negative effects on Russia and on the Tsarist government. Alexander III also emancipated the serfs in 188. This was a major social reform for the serfs as it now meant that they had a lot more freedom and were no longer enslaved by serfdom. However, it can be argued that the serfs were no actually freed. The now ex-serfs were still tied to the land, meaning they still had to work on that land for the land owners and they therefore were not actually free. Also, ex-serfs had to pay redemption payments on the land they used to be tied to, so they are having to compensate the government. As a result of these modifications, the Tsarist government was modified in many ways based on Alexander’s social reforms, even if all of his reforms made were not as beneficial as originally thought. Nicholas II also introduced many social reforms. Under Stolypin, Nicholas introduced the policy of every head of each household inheriting some land. As a result, each family would then therefore have some land ownership within the family, meaning they had some source of income if no other sources of income are obtainable. This was a positive reform made by Nicholas II as not as many people faced poverty and poor living conditions and therefore they overall had a better life. Another reform made by Stolypin under Nicholas II was the demolition of the Mir. These meant that peasants had to live within a Mir and had a lot of restrictions based on where they could go and when they could leave. Stolypin got rid of Mir’s in 1908, which as a result gave peasants a lot more freedom than they previously had. The social reforms made by Nicholas II were overall positive as they greatly benefited the population of Russia; mainly the peasants. This then shows that the Tsarist government did face many modifications throughout the years 1881-1914 as Nicholas put in place many social reforms which greatly changed how Russian peasants lived. Overall, it is clearly evident that several modifications were made to the Tsarist government in the years 1881-1914, which were made by both Alexander III and Nicholas II. These took form in political, economic and social changes, and some had positive effects whereas others had negative effects. However, not all of the reforms put in place fully did what they were originally intended to do, and therefore the modifications were drastically made but not to the extent in which they were intended to do so.

Feminism in Chaucer’s Wife of Bath Essay -- Wife of Bath Essays

Women in the medieval times were cast into very distinct roles. There was a strict code of conduct that was followed. They were to be submissive to their husbands and follow their lead. A woman’s place was also in the home and the responsibilities of cooking, cleaning, sewing, etc. fell into their domain. Women who deviated from these cultural-set norms made for interesting characters. Chaucer’s use of women and their overstepping their boundaries and typical roles in society make them most memorable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the gender expectations stemmed from the Church and biblical history. There were many anti-feminist feelings due to Eve causing the fall of Man. Women were perceived to be responsible for most of the suffering to man, and were therefore inferior and to be dominated by their husbands and men in general. â€Å"The courtly lady of medieval poetry has much in common with the images of the Virgin† (Martin xiv). Chastity, purity, and holiness, were all associated with the expectations of women from role models such as the Virgin Mary type-cast women into a saintly role. Because women were thought to have caused so much suffering on behalf of mankind, they were to be controlled, held in check and not exhibit any outward signs of defiance or concern for themselves. Their purpose in life was to serve others at their own expense.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were typical male traits, and these had a more positive connotation to them. In the following list of terms, the first are meant to be masculine and the second to be feminine; â€Å"limit and unlimited, odd and even, one and plurality, right and left, male and female, resting and moving, straight and curved, light and darkness, good and bad, square and oblong† (Cox 8). The more desired traits like the obvious ‘light’ and ‘good’, were saved for the traditional male. These ideas stem from the Aristotelian paradigm, and are consistent with gender roles in Chaucer’s world. The Wife of Bath was expected to have the feminine traits, but she would not accept that. Why should the positive traits be reserved only for men? Being born a woman should not automatically exempt a woman from being cast into a more positive position within society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What makes Chaucer’s characters so unique and unforgettable is that he cast them outside of these roles. Bordering on the controversial but lightened by his use of humor, his characters... ...f Bath, we see an individual who is willing to express that idea. Her courage to defy the traditional concepts as set by her peers does not intimidate her, and she boldly stands up for what she believes in, popular or not. Another strong feminist aspect to her is that she feels no need to be justified or have approval for her decisions and lifestyle. Just because she is a woman does not limit her choices in her life, and neither her gender nor her decisions make her inferior. Works Cited Chaucer, Geoffrey. â€Å"The Canterbury Tales: The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale.† The Norton Anthology English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams and Stephen Greenblatt. 7th ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2001. Cox, Catherine S. Gender and Language in Chaucer. Florida: University Press of Florida,  1997. Hallissy, Margaret. Clean Maids, True Wives, Steadfast Widows: Chaucer’s Women and Medieval Codes of Conduct. Westport, Ct: Greenwood Press, 1993. Jennings, Patrick. Online Webct posting. 18 April 2004. Mann, Jill. Feminizing Chaucer. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer, 2002. Martin, Priscilla. Chaucer’s Women: Nuns, Wives and Amazons. London: The  Macmillan Press Ltd, 1990.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Lego Branding Community Essay

Online communities are becoming â€Å"places† of belonging, information, and emotional support that people cannot do without. These social groups have a real existence for their participants, and thus have consequential effects on many aspects of behaviour. This article examines collective value creation and empowerment in an online brand community. It presents the main features of an online brand community, the process of value co-creation, and motivators for participating in online brand communities. These key factors jointly characterize collective value creation and empowerment. This netnographic study focuses on an online brand community called BrickBuilders, which is a meeting place for LEGO builders in Finland. BrickBuilders’ members feel a sense of belonging, they share similar motivations, and they create value together. Introduction A brand community can be formed by any group of people who share a common interest in a specific brand and who create a parallel social universe rife with its own myths, values, rituals, vocabulary, and hierarchy (Muniz and O’Guinn, 2001; Cova and Pace, 2006). Brand communities become more than a place. They become a common understanding of a shared identity, which can be found in both face-to-face interactions and in cyberspace (Muniz and O’Guinn, 2001). Analysts no longer question whether the concept of community should have a place in the domain of marketing (Cova and Pace, 2006). However, the concepts of brand community and online brand community are relatively new and have yet to find their place in the academic world. Traditionally, companies produced products relatively independently. Today, consumers and other stakeholders can create value more collectively. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze collective value creation and empowerment in an online brand community. Main Features of Online Brand Communities Muniz and O’Guinn (2001) used three constructs to identify the distinguishing features of brand communities. First, a sense of belonging is a connection that members feel toward one another and the collective sense of difference from others outside of the community. The second feature is the presence of shared rituals and traditions that surround the brand. Rituals and traditions perpetuate the community’s shared history, culture, and consciousness. Traditions include certain behavioural norms and values. The third feature is a sense of moral responsibility, which is a felt sense of duty or obligation to the community. The sense of moral responsibility is what produces collective action. Heinonen and Halonen (2007) have identified motivators for online brand community activities. Members want to belong to something, build and strengthen their identities, get feedback from others, and create something new. The Process of Collective Value Creation Schau and colleagues (2009) have identified the process of value co-creation in online brand communities. The process consists of four thematic practices, which are social networking, impression management, community engagement, and brand use. Social networking is a practice that focuses on creating, enhancing, and sustaining ties among brand community members. These include welcoming, empathizing, and governing. These practices operate primarily in the intangible domain of the emotions and reinforce the social or moral bonds within the community. Impression management includes evangelizing and justifying. Online brand community members act as altruistic emissaries and ambassadors of good will. Members devote time and effort to the brand, share the news of the brand, and inspire others to participate in the community. Community-engagement practices are those that reinforce members’ escalating engagement with the brand community. These include staking, milestoning, badging, and documenting. Staking, milestoning, and badging mean that community members bring out brand experiences and proclaim openly that they are fans of a particular brand. Documenting occurs when brand community members construct a narrative of their brand experiences. Brand-use practices are specifically related to improved or enhanced use of the focal brand. These include grooming, customizing, and commoditizing. Grooming means that members share, for example, homemade tools and advice. Customizing means modifying existing ideas and discovering new ideas, which result in customized products. Commoditizing means that members rant or chastise some products, but at the same time, they have new ideas on how those products could be developed. Synthesis of the Theoretical Framework The main features of online brand communities, value co-creation, and motivators for participating in online brand communities (Heinonen and Halonen, 2007; Kozinets, 2010; Muniz and O’Guinn, 2001; Schau et al., 2009) are the key factors that jointly – realized in various combinations – characterize collective value creation and empowerment in an online brand community. The collective value creation and empowerment in the online brand community may occur when its members have a sense of belonging, they create value together, and they have similar motives. The collective value creation and empowerment of the online brand community allows mutual interaction between the online brand community and the company as well as other stakeholders. Companies have an opportunity to communicate with consumers and influence their opinions (Kozinets, 2010) and vice-versa. We have moved away from one-way transactions to a relationship-based interaction model that emphasizes consumers’ and other stakeholders’ roles in networks and communities.

The Obama Administrations Animal Protection Record

Expectations were high during President Barack Obama’s election campaign, and for good reason. Obama and VP Joe Biden both had great records on animal protection issues heading into the election, and won the endorsement of the Humane Society Legislative Fund. Also before the election, Obama participated in Jana Kohls book against puppy mills, A Rare Breed of Love, and promised to adopt a rescue dog. One pre-election disappointment was Obamas statement that a hunter should head the Department of the Interior. Despite pleas from animal advocates, Obama appointed a hunter, Senator Ken Salazar, as Secretary of the Interior. However, Obama also appointed Tom Vilsack, recommended by the Humane Society Legisative Fund, as Secretary of Agriculture. Fast-forward to the present, and Obamas actions since taking office have been a mixed bag: January, 2009: Obama Suspends Delisting of Grey WolvesOn his first day in office, Obama put a freeze on a number of federal regulations adopted by the Bush administration in its final days, including the delisting of grey wolves under the Endangered Species Act. This gave the wolves a temporary reprieve, and gave animal advocates hope.March, 2009: Grey Wolves in Northern Rockies DelistedJust weeks after giving hope to animal advocates, the Obama administration delisted wolves under the Endangered Species Act. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar, a hunter and rancher himself, cleared the way for individual states to begin killing wolves in order to protect animal agribusiness interests.March, 2009: Slaughter of Downed Cows Banned in the USSecretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack banned the slaughter of downer cows - cows who are too sick, weak or injured to stand on their own. The decision was applauded by animal advocates across the country.April, 2009: Obama Breaks Promise to Rescue a DogThis was the most disappointing move, probably because it was so unexpected. By getting a dog from a breeder, Obama broke his promise to animal advocates and reinforced the misconception that people cannot get their dog of choice from a shelter or rescue group. The Obamas decision will lead to puppy mills churning out Portuguese water dogs, and one breeder of PWDs described the sudden demand for the breed as general mayhem.April, 2009: Scientific Requirements of Endangered Species Act RestoredSecretary of Commerce Gary Locke and Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar announced a revocation of the Bush administrations weakening of the Endangered Species Act. With this move, the Obama administration brought back the ESAs longstanding scientific requirements and fulfilled Obamas promise to reverse the Bush administrations change.May, 2009: Polar Bears Wont be Protected from Global Warming Ken Salazar, Obamas Secretary of the Interior, failed to overturn a Bush-era rule that weakens the Endangered Species Act and jeopardizes the survival of polar bears.June, 2009: Michelle Obama is Fur-Free More of a personal stance than a political one, but like the decision to accept a dog from a breeder, the first couples actions are highly influential.June, 2009: Obama to Nominate Sam D. Hamilton, a Hunter, as Head of USFWS Obama announces his intention to place an avid hunter in charge of our nations National Wildlife Refuges.June, 2009: Obama Swats, Kills Fly Obama swats and kills a fly on camera, during an interview with CNBC.July, 2009: Animal Protection Views Hold Up Nomination of Cass Sunstein Although the nomination has been stalled, Obama deserves credit for appointing an animal advocate in his administration.November, 2009: Critical Habitat for Polar Bears Proposed The Obama administration proposes the designation of over 200,000 square miles of Alaskan land, water and ice as critical polar bear habitat. While the designation would be a good first step, the propos al still allows oil and gas drilling and does nothing to address climate change.November, 2009: BLM Removes Thousands of Wild Horses to Make Room for Millions of Cattle The Obama administration continues a long-standing policy of removing wild horses while allowing cattle to graze on public lands.November, 2009: Obama Pardons Turkey Obama continues a 20-year tradition of pardoning a turkey for Thanksgiving, but adds his own comments. Continued on Page 2 Questions or comments? Discuss in the Forum